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1.
J Pediatr Nurs ; 30(5): e71-81, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26202468

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of valid health care transition readiness (HCT) scales in Spanish. OBJECTIVE: To provide initial validation of the UNC TRxANSITION Scale™ among Mexican adolescents and young adults (youth) with chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS: We used the professionally translated/back translated, provider-administered UNC TRxANSITION Scale™ (Ferris et al., 2012). This 33-question scale measures HCT in ten sub-scales including knowledge about diagnosis or treatment, diet, reproductive health, school/work, insurance, ability to self-manage and looking for new health providers. Its maximum score is 10. We enrolled 163 Mexican adolescents (48.5% females) with CKD stage≥3, mean age of 15.1years (±2.1) and whose primary language is Spanish. There were 15 patients on hemodialysis (9.2%) and 30 transplant recipients (18.4%). Results were compared to those reported in adolescents with chronic conditions from the USA. RESULTS: Our cohort's overall median total score was 5.9. Patients≥16years old had a median total score of 6.4, whereas younger patients had median score of 5.6 (p<0.05). Transplant patients had greater scores in the total and the sub-scales of medication knowledge, issues of reproduction, insurance, trade/work and adherence (p<0.05). When comparing the total score (by age), results from our Mexican youth were similar to those reported in youth from the USA. CONCLUSIONS: In our Mexican cohort of youth with CKD, health care transition readiness is greater in older patients and in transplant recipients. Our cohort's overall score is low, indicating the need for a health care transition preparation program. The UNC TRxANSITION Scale™ results in Mexican youth with CKD are comparable to findings in youth from the USA.


Assuntos
Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/diagnóstico , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/terapia , Transição para Assistência do Adulto/organização & administração , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Feminino , Humanos , Falência Renal Crônica/diagnóstico , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Transplante de Rim/métodos , Transplante de Rim/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , México , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Diálise Renal/métodos , Diálise Renal/estatística & dados numéricos , Medição de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Fatores Sexuais , Tradução , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
2.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 72(3): 190-194, may.-jun. 2015. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-774482

RESUMO

ResumenINTRODUCCIÓN: El raquitismo dependiente de vitamina D tipo I es una enfermedad hereditaria rara debida a una mutación en el gen CYP27B1 que codifica la enzima 1 α -hidroxilasa. Se caracteriza por la presentación de raquitismo hipocalcémico grave desde la edad de la lactancia debido al déficit de producción del metabolito activo de la vitamina D, la 1α,25-dihidroxivitamina D3.CASO CLÍNICO: Presentamos el caso de un paciente con raquitismo diagnosticado a los 11 meses de edad y el seguimiento hasta los 9 años.CONCLUSIONES: Se discute la fisiopatología de la enfermedad y la importancia del diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos.


AbstractBACKGROUND: Vitamin D dependent rickets type I is a rare hereditary disease due to a mutation in CYP27B1 encoding the 1α-hydroxylase gene. Clinically, the condition is characterized by hypocalcemic rickets in early infancy due to a deficit in the production of the vitamin D active metabolite 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3.CASE REPORT: We report the case of a patient diagnosed at 11 months with follow-up until 9 years of age.CONCLUSIONS: The pathophysiology of the disease and the relevance of early diagnosis and management are discussed.

3.
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex ; 72(3): 190-194, 2015.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29421501

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D dependent rickets type I is a rare hereditary disease due to a mutation in CYP27B1 encoding the 1α-hydroxylase gene. Clinically, the condition is characterized by hypocalcemic rickets in early infancy due to a deficit in the production of the vitamin D active metabolite 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a patient diagnosed at 11 months with follow-up until 9 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: The pathophysiology of the disease and the relevance of early diagnosis and management are discussed.

4.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 71(5): 298-302, Sep.-Dec. 2014. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-744081

RESUMO

Introducción: El síndrome de cascanueces causado por la compresión de la vena renal izquierda entre la aorta y la arteria mesentérica superior es una causa no glomerular de sangrado renal y varicocele izquierdos. También ha sido reconocido como una causa importante de proteinuria ortostática. Caso clínico: Adolescente masculino de 17 años de edad con un cuadro de hematuria recurrente. En el examen físico se observó varicocele izquierdo. Índice de masa corporal de 16.3 kg/m². El examen de orina mostró hematuria y proteinuria masiva. La biopsia renal evidenció proliferación mesangial glomerular leve. El estudio de cistoscopia mostró el origen de la hematuria en el uréter izquierdo. La ultrasonografía Doppler y la angiotomografía de contraste revelaron velocidad pico de la vena renal izquierda de 20 cm/s, relación del índice de flujos de la vena renal izquierda de su porción aortomesentérica e hiliar de 7.7 y agrandamiento de la vena renal izquierda en la porción hiliar. Con el diagnóstico de síndrome de cascanueces se decidió proporcionar tratamiento conservador. En los meses siguientes mostró disminución importante de los episodios de hematuria recurrente, y se observó remisión de las manifestaciones clínicas y de las alteraciones en el examen de orina. A los 13 meses de evolución el índice de masa corporal fue de 19 kg/m². Conclusiones: Este caso clínico muestra la relación entre el incremento en la masa corporal y la remisión del síndrome de cascanueces manifestado como presencia de varicocele izquierdo, hematuria y proteinuria graves. Los síntomas desaparecieron al incrementar el índice de masa corporal, probablemente debido a un aumento en la grasa retroperitoneal que mejoró el ángulo aortomesentérico de la vena renal izquierda.


Background: Nutcracker syndrome caused by compression of the left renal vein between the aorta and superior mesenteric artery is a non-glomerular cause of left renal bleeding and left varicocele. It has also been recognized to be an important cause of orthostatic proteinuria. Case report: A 17-year-old male was evaluated due to recurrent macroscopic hematuria. Physical examination showed left varicocele. Body mass index 16.3 kg/m². Urinalysis demonstrated hematuria and massive proteinuria. Renal biopsy showed mild mesangial glomerular proliferation. Cystoscopy showed hematuria originating from the left ureter. Doppler ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced computed angiotomography revealed a peak velocity of the left renal vein of 20 cm/s, ratio of peak velocity of aortomesenteric and hilar portions of left renal vein of 7.7 and enlargement of the left renal vein in the hilar portion. With a diagnosis of nutcracker syndrome, the patient received conservative treatment. During follow-up, progressive remission of the recurrent episodes of hematuria and proteinuria was observed. The patient had no clinical symptoms or abnormal urinalysis. At 13 months of follow-up the body mass index was 19 kg/m². Conclusions: This case shows the relationship between the increase in body mass index and remission of nutcracker syndrome, manifested as left varicocele, hematuria and massive proteinuria. All symptoms disappeared with the increase of body mass index, probably due to increase in retroperitoneal fat with improvement of the aortomesenteric angle of the left renal vein.

5.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 71(3): 137-141, may.-jun. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-744066

RESUMO

La aldosterona, sintetizada en la zona glomerulosa de la corteza suprarrenal, es la principal hormona reguladora del metabolismo de sodio y potasio y del volumen extracelular. A través del receptor de mineralocorticoides, actúa como la señal endocrina final del sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona sobre el epitelio del túbulo renal y del colon distal, que estimula la reabsorción de sodio y la secreción de potasio. El agua se reabsorbe, vía ósmosis, favoreciendo la expansión del volumen circulante y, por ende, incrementando la presión arterial. Recientemente, se ha centrado el interés en las acciones no clásicas de la aldosterona sobre el endotelio vascular, corazón y riñón. Existe evidencia de que la aldosterona está involucrada en la remodelación vascular, la función endotelial y la formación de colágena, y que contribuye a la progresión de la insuficiencia cardiaca, así como del daño renal. Se revisa la evidencia clínica y experimental que fundamenta el uso de bloqueadores de aldosterona para detener la progresión del daño renal en diferentes modelos.


Aldosterone is synthesized in the adrenal cortex and is the main regulator of sodium and potassium metabolism and the extracellular volume. Acting through the mineralocorticoid receptor, it is the final endocrine signal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system with effects on the renal tubular epithelium and distal colon stimulating sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion. Water is absorbed by osmosis favoring expansion of circulating volume and increasing arterial blood pressure. Recently there has been great interest in the non-classical actions of aldosterone on the vascular endothelium, heart and kidney. There is evidence suggesting that aldosterone participates in vascular remodeling, endothelial function and collagen deposition, contributing to heart failure progression and kidney damage. Clinical and experimental evidence supporting the use of aldosterone blocking agents in different models of kidney damage is reviewed.

6.
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex ; 71(5): 298-302, 2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29421619

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Nutcracker syndrome caused by compression of the left renal vein between the aorta and superior mesenteric artery is a non-glomerular cause of left renal bleeding and left varicocele. It has also been recognized to be an important cause of orthostatic proteinuria. CASE REPORT: A 17-year-old male was evaluated due to recurrent macroscopic hematuria. Physical examination showed left varicocele. Body mass index 16.3 kg/m2. Urinalysis demonstrated hematuria and massive proteinuria. Renal biopsy showed mild mesangial glomerular proliferation. Cystoscopy showed hematuria originating from the left ureter. Doppler ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced computed angiotomography revealed a peak velocity of the left renal vein of 20cm/s, ratio of peak velocity of aortomesenteric and hilar portions of left renal vein of 7.7 and enlargement of the left renal vein in the hilar portion. With a diagnosis of nutcracker syndrome, the patient received conservative treatment. During follow-up, progressive remission of the recurrent episodes of hematuria and proteinuria was observed. The patient had no clinical symptoms or abnormal urinalysis. At 13 months of follow-up the body mass index was 19 kg/m2. CONCLUSIONS: This case shows the relationship between the increase in body mass index and remission of nutcracker syndrome, manifested as left varicocele, hematuria and massive proteinuria. All symptoms disappeared with the increase of body mass index, probably due to increase in retroperitoneal fat with improvement of the aortomesenteric angle of the left renal vein.

7.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 70(2): 116-123, may.-abr. 2013. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-701231

RESUMO

Introducción. La enfermedad renal crónica presenta efectos sobre el tejido óseo que se conocen como enfermedad renal crónica-trastorno mineral óseo. Los pacientes con trasplante renal también presentan trastornos óseos, aun con la función normal del injerto. Se han atribuido a los medicamentos inmunosupresores (esteroides e inhibidores de calcineurina). Por lo anterior, es necesario conocer la prevalencia y evolución de trastorno mineral óseo pre y postrasplante renal en los niños. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir la prevalencia y el tipo de alteraciones de metabolismo mineral pretrasplante y su evolución postrasplante. Métodos. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética e Investigación del hospital. Se obtuvo el consentimiento informado de todos los participantes. Participaron pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica menores de 18 años, estudiados para recibir un primer trasplante renal. Al momento del trasplante, así como a los 6 y a los 12 meses postrasplante, se realizó la antropometría completa y se colectó sangre para determinar creatinina, niveles en valle de tacrolimus, calcio, fósforo, magnesio y fosfatasa alcalina. Se midió la hormona paratiroidea intacta (PTH) al momento del trasplante. Resultados. Se incluyeron 31 pacientes con edad promedio de 14.6 ± 3.2 años y predominio del sexo femenino (52%). Todos recibieron inducción con basiliximab y triple esquema con prednisona, micofenolato de mofetilo y tacrolimus. En cuanto a los valores de PTH, 51.6% tuvieron cifras pretrasplante <150 pg/ml (sugestivo de lesiones óseas de bajo remodelamiento); 38.7%, >300 pg/ml (sugestivo de alto remodelamiento); y tan sólo 9.6% tuvieron PTH en los valores recomendados. Al comparar los valores pre y postrasplante, la creatinina sérica disminuyó en forma significativa, no hubo diferencia en el calcio sérico y fosfatasa alcalina, pero se encontró una disminución significativa en fósforo y magnesio. Doce pacientes (38.7%) presentaron hipofosfatemia postrasplante. Diez pacientes (32%) cursaron con hipomagnesemia. Todos incrementaron el valor z de peso en forma significativa. La función renal tuvo correlación positiva con el calcio sérico y negativa con el fósforo y el magnesio (p <0.05). Los niveles de tacrolimus tuvieron una correlación negativa con el magnesio sérico (r =-0.431, p <0.0001). Conclusiones. La velocidad de filtración glomerular al momento del trasplante tuvo una correlación negativa con el fósforo sérico basal y la concentración de tacrolimus, con el magnesio sérico. El crecimiento fue mejor en los pacientes que no presentaron hipofosfatemia durante el postrasplante. Es necesario vigilar y tratar oportunamente las alteraciones minerales en el postrasplante renal.


Background. Information regarding chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) in children who undergo renal transplant is scarce. Despite successful renal transplantation, bone disorders have been described and attributed to immunosuppressive drugs (steroids and calcineurin inhibitors). Therefore, it is important to determine the prevalence and outcome of bone mineral disorders pre- and post-renal transplant. The aim was to describe the prevalence and type of bone mineral disorders in children pre-renal transplant and outcomes. Methods. The Institutional Review Board and Ethics Committee approved the study. Signed consent/assent was obtained from all participants. Patients <18 years of age and under investigation for a first renal transplant were invited to participate. At transplant and 6 and 12 months after transplantation, anthropometric data were collected and blood samples were collected for serum creatinine, slope levels of tacrolimus, serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and alkaline phosphatase. Intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) was measured before transplant. Results. Thirty-one patients were included with a mean age of 14.6 ± 3.2 years. Females represented 52%. All received induction with basiliximab and triple maintenance therapy with prednisone, mycophenolate mofetil and tacrolimus. Pre-transplant PTH values were <150 pg/ml in 51.6%, suggestive of low turnover bone lesions, 38.7% had PTH >300 pg/ml, suggestive of high turnover bone lesions and only 9.6% had PTH between 150 and 300 pg/ml. When pre- and post-transplant studied parameters were compared, serum creatinine was statistically lower during follow-up. No difference was found in serum calcium and alkaline phosphatase, but magnesium and phosphorus values were significantly lower after transplant. Twelve patients (38.7%) had post-transplant hypophosphatemia and required supplementation. Ten patients (32%) had hypomagnesemia, seven of them with concomitant hypophosphatemia. Z-score for weight increased significantly after renal transplant; nevertheless, only patients with no hypophosphatemia during follow-up improved their Z-score for height. Glomerular filtration rate had a positive correlation with serum calcium and a negative correlation with phosphorus and magnesium (p <0.05). Tacrolimus slope levels had a significantly negative correlation with serum magnesium (r =-0.431, p <0.0001). Conclusions. Glomerular filtration rate had a negative correlation with serum phosphorus at transplant. Tacrolimus slope levels had a negative correlation with magnesium serum values. Patients with no hypophosphatemia during the first year had better growth than those with hypophosphatemia. It is important to monitor and opportunely treat bone mineral disorders in children who undergo transplantation.

8.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 47(1): 95-100, 2009.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19624974

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is observed in about 10 % of children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome; this disorder is usually resistant to corticoid therapy. In the last few years, five histological types of FSGS have been recognized; the collapsing nephropathy type is characterized by a rapid evolution to chronic renal failure. CLINICAL CASE: a four-year-old boy presented with an irrelevant past history; eight months before admission he developed idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. He was treated with steroids without improvement, and a renal biopsy was performed in which minimal glomerular changes were found. Despite combined immunosuppressive treatment, he developed renal failure, septic shock and death. Collapsing nephropathy was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry, light and electron microscopy; renal new human papovirus (BK) infection was also found in the postmortem study. CONCLUSIONS: collapsing nephropathy is an aggressive disorder resistant to immunosuppressive treatment, as occurred in our patient. Although some viral diseases have been associated with collapsing nephropathy, to our knowledge, BK infection has not been previously described in those patients.


Assuntos
Vírus BK , Glomerulosclerose Segmentar e Focal/virologia , Síndrome Nefrótica/complicações , Infecções por Polyomavirus/complicações , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/complicações , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Masculino
9.
Pediatr Transplant ; 13(5): 579-84, 2009 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18992053

RESUMO

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of MS and obesity in Mexican children with more than one yr post-renal transplantation. Thirty-two children transplanted between January 2004 and February 2006 were included in the study. The weight and height at the time of renal transplant were obtained. A fasting blood sample was drawn for serum creatinine, adiponectin, and complete lipid profile, and a three-h glucose tolerance test was also taken. A complete nutritional evaluation was performed including anthropometry. There was a statistically significant increase in BMI at one yr post-transplant that was maintained at two yr post-transplant. Three patients exhibited obesity and were overweight. Seventeen patients had hypertension, 14 patients had low HDL, 12 patients had hypertriglyceridemia, all had normal fasting glucose, six of them had glucose intolerance, and two had waist circumference higher than 90%. Eight patients (25%) had MS. Patients with MS had higher proportion of deceased donor grafts, acute rejection episodes, and received more methylprednisolone pulses; also they had a statistically significant higher pretransplant BMI than patients without MS. There was a significant relationship between BMI at one yr post-renal transplant and creatinine clearance estimated by Schwartz formula.


Assuntos
Nefropatias/terapia , Síndrome Metabólica/complicações , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Obesidade/complicações , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Adiponectina/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Peso Corporal , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Dislipidemias/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão/terapia , Nefropatias/complicações , Transplante de Rim , Masculino , México , Sobrepeso , Prevalência
10.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 63(5): 314-321, sep.-oct. 2006. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-700838

RESUMO

Introducción. La púrpura de Henoch-Schönlein (PHS) es la vasculitis más frecuente en niños. Objetivo: conocer la presentación clínica y evolución de los pacientes con PHS que se han tratado en el hospital en los últimos 5 años. Material y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo en pacientes que acudieron al Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, del 1 de enero de 2000 al 31 de diciembre de 2005, con diagnóstico de PHS. Resultados. Se encontraron 105 pacientes con una mediana de edad de 6 años. El tiempo promedio de seguimiento fue de 15 meses. Todos presentaron lesiones dérmicas, 49.5% dolor abdominal y 41% artritis; 45 (42.9%) pacientes manifestaron nefropatía, con un promedio de aparición de 4.5 meses después de las lesiones dérmicas. Sólo en 37.7% de los casos con nefropatía desaparecieron las alteraciones urinarias. Se realizó biopsia renal en 14 pacientes. La lesión histopatológica más frecuente fue el grado IIIA. La edad de presentación tuvo relación estadísticamente significativa con la presencia de nefritis, los mayores de 10 años tuvieron mayor incidencia de nefritis y los menores de 5 años menor incidencia (Chi cuadrada, P < 0.05). La incidencia global de insuficiencia renal crónica fue de 0.95%. Conclusión. La edad de presentación es un factor pronóstico para la evolución de la enfermedad. Si bien la púrpura es una vasculitis, la principal complicación a largo plazo es renal, por lo que el seguimiento de los pacientes debe ser supervisado por un nefrólogo pediatra.


Introduction. Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is the most frequent vasculitis in children. Objective: To describe the clinical presentation and clinical outcome in children with HSP treated in our hospital in the last 5 years. Material and methods. A retrospective study was performed in HSP patients diagnosed between January 1st 2001 and December 31st 2005. Results. HSP was diagnosed in 105 patients, median age 6 years old. All had the skin manifestations, 49.5% abdominal pain and 41% arthritis; 45 patients developed HSP nephritis (42.9%), mean presentation time was 4.5 months after HSP diagnosis. Renal biopsy was performed in 14 patients, and the most common histopathological finding was HSP nephritis grade III A. Age of onset older than 10 years was statistically significant for nephritis development (Chi Square < 0.05). Chronic renal insufficiency incidence was 0.95%. Conclusions. The main complication of HSP is nephritis. Follow-up should include evaluation by a pediatric nephrologist. Age of onset older than 10 years is an important risk factor for HSP nephritis.

11.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 63(4): 255-263, jul.-ago. 2006. ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-700830

RESUMO

Introducción. El parvovirus B19 ha sido identificado como el agente etiológico del eritema infeccioso o quinta enfermedad, de las crisis aplásicas transitorias en niños con enfermedades hemolíticas, y de la aplasia adquirida de la serie roja en pacientes inmunocomprometidos, incluyendo los pacientes que reciben un trasplante de un órgano sólido o de médula ósea. Caso clínico. Adolescente femenina de 15 años de edad con insuficiencia renal crónica terminal de causa desconocida, quien recibió trasplante renal de donador cadavérico. Dos meses después del trasplante presentó anemia grave arregenerativa que requirió transfusiones de sangre, sin responder a la suspensión del tratamiento con mofetil micofenolato. Aunque la investigación de anticuerpos IgM e IgG contra el parvovirus B19 fue negativa, se encontró positividad en la investigación del DNA viral por medio de la prueba de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa. El estudio de la médula ósea mostró el patrón característico de pronormoblastos con cambios megaloblásticos y vacuolas en el citoplasma y detención en la maduración a nivel de los normoblastos. El tratamiento con inmunoglobulina intravenosa por 10 días se acompañó de respuesta reticulocitaria adecuada y corrección de la anemia. Conclusiones. En los pacientes con trasplante renal y anemia grave arregenerativa debe investigarse la presencia de parvovirus B19, preferentemente a través de la prueba de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa. El tratamiento con inmunoglobulina intravenosa es el más adecuado para eliminar la infección y corregir el cuadro anémico.


Introduction. Parvovirus B19 can present in children as erythema infectious rash, aplastic anemia in patients with hemolytic diseases and pure red cell aplasia in immunocompromised patients, such as in bone marrow and solid organ transplant recipients. Case report. A 15-year-old female with end stage renal disease of unknown origin received a renal transplant from a cadaveric donor. Two months after the transplant, she presented severe arregenerative anemia despite mofetil micofenolate withdrawal and required blood transfusions. IgM and IgG titers for parvovirus B19 were negative, but DNA polymerase chain reaction was positive. Bone marrow showed the characteristic pattern of pronormoblasts with megaloblastic changes and cytoplasmic vaculations, with maturation arrest at normoblast level. The patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin for 10 days with adequate reticulocyte response and resolution of her anemia. Conclusions. Parvovirus B19 should be investigated in renal transplant patients with severe arregenerative anemia; DNA polymerase reaction test is the diagnostic test of choice. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin is the recommended therapy for the control and elimination of the infection and anemia resolution.

12.
Rev. invest. clín ; 57(2): 230-236, mar.-abr. 2005. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-632475

RESUMO

Despite being considered a high risk procedure, renal transplantation has been recognized for more than 20 years as the best therapeutic option for children with end-stage renal disease since it is superior than any available dialytic procedure in improving the neuropsychological development and the quality of life. Today pediatric patients have similar graft survival than adults, and 10 year-old children or less have better outcome than any other age group. These remarking results are due to the development of specialized pediatric transplant centers and research programs, improvement in the selection and preparation of donors and recipients, refinement of the surgical technique and the use of new immunossupressive drugs.


El trasplante pediátrico fue considerado durante mucho tiempo de alto riesgo, ya que la sobrevida del injerto no era tan buena como la reportada en pacientes adultos, aún así desde hace 20 años es el tratamiento óptimo para los niños urémicos porque mejora el desarrollo neurológico, psicológico y la calidad de vida en forma muy superior a los procedimientos dialíticos disponibles. Actualmente, gracias al desarrollo de centros de trasplante e investigación especializados en la atención pediátrica, a la mejoría en la preparación y selección de donadores y receptores, en la técnica quirúrgica y a nuevos esquemas inmunosupresores los pacientes pediátricos tienen una sobrevida del injerto similar a la reportada en adultos, de hecho los niños menores de 10 años han logrado tener la mejor sobrevida del trasplante renal de todos los grupos etáreos.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Transplante de Rim , Anestesia Geral/métodos , Cadáver , Seguimentos , Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Hospitais Pediátricos/estatística & dados numéricos , Complicações Intraoperatórias , Imunossupressores/administração & dosagem , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Transplante de Rim/métodos , Transplante de Rim/mortalidade , Transplante de Rim/estatística & dados numéricos , Doadores Vivos/estatística & dados numéricos , México/epidemiologia , Nefrectomia/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Doadores de Tecidos
13.
Rev Invest Clin ; 57(2): 230-6, 2005.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16524063

RESUMO

Despite being considered a high risk procedure, renal transplantation has been recognized for more than 20 years as the best therapeutic option for children with end-stage renal disease since it is superior than any available dialytic procedure in improving the neuropsychological development and the quality of life. Today pediatric patients have similar graft survival than adults, and 10 year-old children or less have better outcome than any other age group. These remarking results are due to the development of specialized pediatric transplant centers and research programs, improvement in the selection and preparation of donors and recipients, refinement of the surgical technique and the use of new immunossupressive drugs.


Assuntos
Transplante de Rim , Adolescente , Anestesia Geral/métodos , Cadáver , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Seguimentos , Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Hospitais Pediátricos/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Imunossupressores/administração & dosagem , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Lactente , Complicações Intraoperatórias , Transplante de Rim/métodos , Transplante de Rim/mortalidade , Transplante de Rim/estatística & dados numéricos , Doadores Vivos/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Nefrectomia/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Doadores de Tecidos
14.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 58(8): 522-531, ago. 2001. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-306732

RESUMO

Introducción: La glomerulonefritis rápidamente progresiva (GNRP) es poco frecuente en niños. El objetivo de esta publicación es informar la presentación clínica, hallazgos histopatológicos, evolución a corto y mediano plazo y resultados del tratamiento con inmunosupresión de 56 niños con GNRP. Material y métodos: El período de estudio fue del 1 de enero de 1985 al 31 de diciembre de 2000. El diagnóstico de insuficiencia renal crónica (IRC) se basó en la reducción permanente de la VFG con depuración de creatinina 70 mL/min/l.73 m2 con fórmula Schwartz y de IRC en fase terminal (IRCT) al requerir diálisis. El diagnóstico histopatológico implicó la presencia de proliferación extracapilar con formación de semilunas y se clasificó como lesión focal o difusa cuando el número de glomérulos involucrados fue < o 50 por ciento, respectivamente. Resultados: Se incluyeron 56 pacientes. La frecuencia fue de 3.7 casos/año. Predominó el género femenino 1.2:1; edad promedio de 9.9 años (ñ 3.9). La presentación fue de síndrome nefrótico en 47 por ciento, nefrítico en 44 por ciento y el resto con IRCT. A 32 pacientes se les determinó complemento: 13 con hipocomplementemia (40 por ciento) con etiología secundaria a glomerulonefritis post-estreptocóccica (GNPE). Catorce pacientes (25 por ciento) tuvieron lesiones focales y 42 (75 por ciento) difusas. Se practicó inmunofluorescencia en 41 biopsias: en 31 fue positiva; en 10 fue negativa (pauci-inmune) y en 15 muestra insuficiente. Treinta y seis (64.2 por ciento) recibieron tratamiento con inmunosupresión: 24 con esteroides y 12 además, con ciclofosfamida. Cuatro (7.1 por ciento) respondieron al tratamiento: 2 con púrpura de Henoch-Schönlein, 1 con GNPE y 1 con GNRP primaria. Cuarenta y seis (82 por ciento) pacientes tuvieron evolución desfavorable: 36 (64.2 por ciento) a IRCT; 10 (17.8 por ciento) a IRC y 10 se curaron (4 con y 6 sin tratamiento inmunosupresor). Diez con IRCT recibieron un trasplante renal con buena evolución, excepto 2 casos. Conclusión: No se encontró diferencia estadística significativa en la presentación clínica o el tratamiento inmunosupresor y la evolución e insuficiencia renal, pero se encontró (p < 0.05) con la presencia de lesiones focales y la evolución a la curación, mientras que las lesiones difusas evolucionaron a insuficiencia renal. Tuvieron mejor pronóstico los pacientes con GNPE y púrpura de Henoch-Schönlein.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Glomerulonefrite , Nefropatias , Ciclofosfamida , Terapia de Imunossupressão/métodos
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